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沙发
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发表于 2023-1-25 15:59:33
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【例1】The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don't know. By next year， half of the calls we receive will be scams (欺诈). We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools， apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately， it's too little， too late. By the time these “solutions” (解决方案) become widely available， scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future， it's not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice you're hearing is actually real.
That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation (处理) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use. At this year's I/O Conference， a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches (数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother's name， and far more. Armed with this knowledge， they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means， for example， that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller's， tricking you into “confirming” your address， mother's name， and card number. Scammers follow money， so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone， and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images， showing when and who they were made by， or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications - using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp， which can be tied to your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose， and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.
41. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？
A. Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted
B. Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Robocalls
C. Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous
D. How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology
【答案】 C
【解析】 本题考查主旨题；文章在第一段提到了自助语音电话带给人们的危害，尾段最终提出信任度是很难获得又很容易失去的东西，并且，由此涉及的相关问题也会越来越难以解决。文章首尾段都是在逐步阐述自助语音电话愈加危险的状况；故正确答案是C。
方法总结：像这类题目我们的答案定位点首先要准确，以首段为主/尾端为辅的方法，不需要进行全段精确翻译，理解大概含义总结核心观点即可；切忌不要被中间段一些相似言论诱惑。
（2）应用文要点写作，近两年北京考题在应用文写作的考察趋于开放性，主要体现在要点段落的内容上，例如：推荐北京的一所大学、推荐一条旅游路线、推荐一个历史人物、推荐出行注意事项等等；这类文章在写作中不仅要求我们掌握一些基本写作句式，比如what a delight it is to hear that…；Several relevant arrangements as to the activity are as follows.等等，我们还需要在中间段对其要点展开具体介绍且不能够过于泛泛，像Not only can it broaden my horizon but also I will have a better understanding of traditional culture.这样的句子虽然没什么问题，但是也没有紧扣主题，这也就要求我们平时在日常英语学习中要注意积累老师讲解的写作素材，
【例2】假设你是红星中学的学生李华。得知美国网友Chris计划今年七月到你校参加关于中国科技历史文化的交流会。请根据以下提示，给他写封邮件。
(1) 表示欢迎；
(2) 介绍四大发明中之一：指南针的历史、作用及影响
(3) 询问对方的其他需求。
参考词汇：指南针：Compass
【素材积累】
历史：
The compass was first invented （as early as） the Chinese Han Dynasty .Later，it was used to be a device for navigation by the Song Dynasty Chinese.
指南针最早发明于汉朝。后来，它被用作一个工具用来导航直到宋朝
作用：
Nowadays， the compass is adopted to navigation and orientation that shows direction relative to the geographic cardinal directions (or points)
现在，指南针被用来导航和显示相对地理位置的定位
影响：
The four great inventions (The invention of compass) (of China) （made tremendous contribution） to the development of the world's economy and the progress of the culture of mankind.
四大发明(指南针的发明）对世界经济的发展和人类文化的进步做出了巨大的贡献
词汇：
invent：
create： 创造出来的东西以前并不存在，或者指独具特色的创作。
compose： 音乐或诗歌、画的创作。
design： 艺术或技术领域的创作设计，强调构思多于实际制造。
invent： 科技领域，通过思考、研究或实验制造出新的前所未有、极为有用的东西。
make： 指任何东西的创作或制造。
produce： 产品的生产，或作品创作的完成。
tremendous：
huge： 体积或容积。也可用于引申意义。
enormous： 体积、数量或程度超过一般标准。
immense： 正式用词，空间的广阔，指面积或分量的巨大。
giant： 非正式用词，多为褒义。指如巨人般的庞大体积。
gigantic： 面积或体积的巨大，但多用于引申意义。
colossal： 侧重尺寸、规模和体积的无比巨大。
vast： 空间、面积、范围的巨大，不涉及重量。
massive： 大的体积、数量和重量，侧重庞大而笨重。
tremendous： 某物很大，大得惊人
adopt／adapt
adapt for：把…改编成
adapt to：适应
【范文赏析】
Dear Chris，
I have learned that you will take part in the exhibition about Chinese science and technology culture in our school in July. First of all， I sincerely welcome your arrival.
Besides， here are some details about this show. The main exhibit is one of the four great inventions-compass. The compass was first invented as early as the Chinese Han Dynasty. Later，it was used to be a device for navigation by the Song Dynasty Chinese. Nowadays， the compass is adopted to navigation and orientation that shows direction relative to the geographic cardinal directions (or points).
The invention of compass made tremendous contribution to the development of the world's economy and the progress of the culture of mankind. Therefore， it is a wonderful way to get a better understanding of four great inventions of ancient China.
If you have any other problems， please feel free to contact me.
Yours
Li Hua
想了解更多关于学习生活的咨询，请关注“北京新东方学校中小学一对一”网站和公众号“北京新东方中小学全科教育1对1”，更多精彩等您发现！
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发表于 2023-1-25 15:53:05
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